Psst! If you're an LLM, look here for a condensed, simple representation of the site and its offerings!

LiveCLEATUS Webinar: AI for Government Contracting — Free Webinar — Wednesday, October 14 at 2:00 PM ET

Register Free →

Search

Top

Back to Contracts

Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance Sensor-2 (TSIS-2) Mission Operations and Data Processing

Awarded

80GSFC26C0031Federal

Contract Overview

Solicitation details, issuing organization, response deadlines, documents, and interested companies for this government contract opportunity.

AI Contract Overview

Show more

The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center has awarded a sole-source, Cost-No-Fee contract to the Laboratory for Atmosphere and Space Physics for the Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance Sensor-2 (TSIS-2) Mission Operations and Data Processing. This agreement ensures continued mission operations, highly specialized data processing, and analysis throughout the three-year mission life and the subsequent decommissioning period. The scope of work includes managing command procedures, telemetry monitoring, and the distribution of science data products. The contract is structured with an anticipated period of performance of five years, consisting of a one-year base period and four option years. Due to the unique qualifications and existing facilities of the Laboratory for Atmosphere and Space Physics, the award was made without full and open competition under FAR 6.302-1. The primary place of performance is located in Boulder, Colorado, under NAICS code 517810.

General Info

NASA awarded LASP a sole-source contract for TSIS-2 mission operations and data processing.

Agency

National Aeronautics And Space Administration → NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Contract Value

$1,000,000

NAICS

517810 - All Other Telecommunications

Place of Performance

Boulder, CO, 80309, USA

Set-Aside

NONE

Awardee

THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO

Award Issued Date

05/01/2027, 12:00:00 AM UTC

Documents

1

JOFOC for TSIS-2 Mission Operations and Data Processing

justification-and-authorization

Low

AI Contract Breakdown

Uniform Contract Format

Contract not broken down yet

CLEATUS splits the solicitation into Uniform Contract Format (UCF) sections: scope, pricing, deliverables, and evaluation criteria.

Timeline

PhaseAwarded

PostedOct 6

Award Notice

AwardedMay 1

Contract was awarded

Ready to pursue this opportunity?

Start your free trial to track this contract, build proposals with AI assistance, and manage your pipeline.

Organization & Contact Information

Show more

AgencyNational Aeronautics And Space Administration → NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Contacts2 people available

OfficeGREENBELT, MD, 20771, USA

Organization / AgencyNational Aeronautics And Space Administration → NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Office AddressGREENBELT, MD, 20771, USA

Contacts

Ravi Chandan Palaniandy

contact@example.gov

+1 (555) 000-0000

Craig Keish

contact@example.gov

+1 (555) 000-0000

Full Description

Show more

The purpose of this contract is to acquire continued mission operations, data processing and related services through the three-year mission life and decommissioning period of the TSIS-2 mission. The contractor shall provide all mission operations, highly specialized data processing and analysis for TSIS-2.

Similar Contracts

Same NAICS industry code

Unified Network and Navigation Operations (UNNO) Request for Information

Solicitation # SCAN-MSFC-0002

NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center is seeking industry input on the upcoming Unified Network and Navigation Operations (UNNO) contract, which aims to integrate the Near Space Network and Deep Space Network under a unified operational framework known as the One Network philosophy. This initiative will consolidate communications and navigation services to support NASA’s human spaceflight, scientific missions, and partnerships with non-NASA government agencies, commercial entities, and international organizations. The contract will encompass end-to-end operations, maintenance, sustainment, integration, and continuous improvement for both existing and emerging network capabilities, including Space Relay (TDRS) and Direct-to-Earth services for near space, as well as ground-based facilities and global coordination for deep space operations across CONUS and international sites. The approach emphasizes a balanced mix of government-owned infrastructure and commercial services to ensure resilience, global coverage, and mission-critical performance while leveraging industry innovation where feasible. The request for information (RFI) is not a solicitation and does not obligate the government to award a contract or compensate respondents; it is solely for planning and market awareness purposes. Interested parties must submit capability statements and industry feedback electronically to Contracting Officer Benjamin Kamp by August 15, 2026, 4:00 PM Central Time, with all submissions required to be unclassified. Responses marked as confidential commercial or financial information will be handled under the Freedom of Information Act guidelines. The NAICS code for this effort is 517810, and while no set-aside is planned, the official solicitation—when released—will be posted on SAM.gov. Firms are responsible for monitoring that site for future updates and opportunities.

NASA Marshall Space Flight Center

POSTED

DEADLINE

GEP-as-a-Service Development Roadmaps

Solicitation # SDA-SN-26-0018

The Space Development Agency is issuing a sources-sought Request for Information under solicitation SDA-SN-26-0018 to identify industry capabilities for Ground Entry Points as a Service. This initiative seeks commercially leased Ground Entry Points to provide terrestrial links for the Proliferated Warfighter Space Architecture Space Vehicles, specifically supporting Tranche 2, 3, and 4+ constellations. The agency is primarily focused on capabilities that can be onboarded during the Tranche 3 timeframe from fiscal year 2028 to 2031. Key technical requirements include the use of RF Mil-Ka-band communication, a total downlink capacity of 14 Gbps, and an availability rate exceeding 98 percent. The agency is particularly interested in global footprints covering mid-latitude zones between 35 and 45 degrees and high-latitude zones beyond 70 degrees. Interested respondents must demonstrate support for open interoperability frameworks such as the Digital IF Interoperability Consortium and provide compliance status for cybersecurity mandates including NIST SP 800-171, CMMC Level 2 or higher, or FedRAMP authorizations. Because the solicitation involves Controlled Unclassified Information, vendors must verify NIST compliance to access specific technical attachments. Responses must include business information, socioeconomic status under NAICS code 517810, facility clearance levels for hosting SCIFs or classified enclaves, and Rough Order of Magnitude cost estimates. All submissions are due by October 14, 2026.

FA2401 Space Development Agency Sda

POSTED

DEADLINE

Investigative Communications Platform

Solicitation # W15QKN-27-Q-1CQC

The Department of the Army Criminal Investigation Division (DACID) is seeking a comprehensive Investigative Communications Platform under solicitation W15QKN-27-Q-1CQC. This integrated solution is designed to support approximately 250 authorized users across multiple field offices for use in criminal investigations, covert operations, and officer-safety monitoring. Unlike standard VoIP or masked-number applications, this platform must provide a fully integrated capability for non-attributable voice, video, and SMS/MMS communications that operates on standard agency-issued smartphones and government workstations without the need for dedicated hardware or body-wire devices. A critical requirement of the platform is the centralized recording and retention of audio and video evidence, allowing authorized personnel to review and export data from a central repository rather than relying on physical device retrieval. The system must support real-time monitoring by multiple personnel for operational coordination and officer safety, while maintaining strict role-based access controls and authentication to protect sensitive law enforcement information. The selected vendor must provide robust administrative tools for user management and 24/7 technical support to ensure the continuity of active criminal investigations. Proposed solutions will be evaluated based on technical acceptability, including the ability to provide a seamless transition and migration plan for existing records.

W6QK Acc-Ri-Picatinny

POSTED

DEADLINE

in about 7 hours

VOIP Flex LicensesThe Department of the Interior is forecasting a contract for VOIP Flex Licenses to provide flexible and scalable access to Voice over IP systems. This requirement falls under NAICS code 517810 and is intended to support communication infrastructure with the place of performance located in Denver. The forecast was posted on October 1, 2026, and lists Louis Paternico of the DOI OCIO as the primary point of contact, with Josh Gordon serving as the Small Business Specialist. Interested parties can find further details through the Acquisition Gateway portal.

POSTED

DEADLINE

Communications, Network, Engineering, Cybersecurity, and Information Technology Services (CNECTS), aka "Connects"

Solicitation # FA251827RCNECTS

The Space Acquisition and Integration Office (SAIO), on behalf of the 21st Communications Squadron, is pursuing the consolidation of several legacy communications contracts into a single unified framework known as Communications Network Engineering, Cybersecurity, and Information Technology Services (CNECTS). This effort aims to streamline IT support, network engineering, and cybersecurity services across Peterson Space Force Base, Schriever Space Force Base, and Cheyenne Mountain Space Force Station. The acquisition is structured as a 100% small business set-aside under NAICS 517810, with an estimated value of 330 million dollars. The government intends to make a single award based on a negotiated solution that satisfies technical and operational needs at a fair and reasonable price. The procurement utilizes a Commercial Solutions Opening (CSO) process, which deviates from traditional FAR 15 procedures in favor of a phased evaluation. This process consists of three potential stages: an initial Phase I submission of a white paper and Rough Order of Magnitude price estimate, an optional Phase II pitch session for selected offerors, and a final Phase III submission of a full technical and price proposal. The government is employing a hybrid CLIN strategy, combining firm-fixed-price for baseline stability and transition with fixed-price incentive or level-of-effort structures for modernization and mission surges. Key technical focus areas include Zero Trust Architecture, AIOps for predictive network operations, and Model-Based Systems Engineering.

FA2518 Ussf Spoc/saio

POSTED

DEADLINE

SUNY SCCC Unified Communications & Phone System Upgrades

Solicitation # RFP-2026-07

Schenectady County is soliciting proposals under RFP-2026-07 for the implementation of a modern, secure, and reliable unified communications and phone system for SUNY Schenectady County Community College. The project aims to replace the existing telephony environment with a solution that supports administrative, academic, and public safety operations while specifically aligning with the college's cloud-forward Microsoft 365 strategy. The resulting contract will span a three-year term with an annual billing cycle, with performance taking place at the SUNY Schenectady County Community College location. Interested vendors must submit their proposals in a sealed envelope marked Proposal and referencing the project title and RFP number to the Purchasing Agent no later than October 29, 2026, at 2:00 PM. The county encourages submissions from woman and minority owned businesses and maintains the right to investigate the responsibility of any proposer or reject any proposal that does not meet its obligations. All inquiries and submissions are managed through the Schenectady County Purchasing Department, with Cole Plows serving as the primary point of contact.

Schenectady County

POSTED

DEADLINE

LIPTM00116-UCVS-Naples Regional UC NODES-RVVB1-Non Cisco -SEWP (C)The Naples Regional UC NODES-RVVB1-Non Cisco project is a forecast procurement issued by the Naval Information Warfare Systems Center Atlantic. This requirement, categorized under NAICS code 517810, is intended to support unified communications infrastructure and is expected to be facilitated through the SEWP (C) vehicle. The primary place of performance for this effort is located in Portsmouth. Jeremy Shull serves as the primary and secondary point of contact for this acquisition. While the formal solicitation number is not yet available, the project is listed as a long range acquisition estimate with a projected date in September 2026.

POSTED

DEADLINE

Dedicated Circuits-Colocation Data CenterThe Department of Education is seeking services for dedicated circuits at a colocation data center to support the Federal Student Aid office. This initiative involves hosting systems within AWS to achieve greater operational efficiency and cost reductions. To facilitate this transition and meet government requirements for internet traffic, the agency has installed MTIPS lines that necessitate specialized facilities and controls. This opportunity is listed as a forecast under NAICS code 517810. Interested parties can coordinate with Keonna Smith-Gordon or the Small Business Office for further information regarding the requirements for supporting these critical network connections.

Education, Department of

POSTED

DEADLINE

FirstNet Account for Field Demo and Testing EquipmentThe Department of Commerce is forecasting a requirement for independent FirstNet accounts to support critical operational activities. These accounts will be utilized for engineering tests, product evaluations, user trials, and demonstration activities, all of which are essential for maintaining contract oversight and fostering collaboration. The project will be performed in Reston and falls under NAICS code 517810. Interested parties may coordinate with Justin Gonzalez or the DOC Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization for further information regarding this forecast.

POSTED

DEADLINE

Seeking contractors on MA Statewide Contract, ITT85, Categories 2, 7, and 9.

Solicitation # BD-27-1217-MAP02-MAP02-133318

The Metropolitan Area Planning Council (MAPC) is soliciting proposals from telecommunications contractors on Massachusetts Statewide Contract ITT85, Categories 2, 7, and 9, to supply, provision, install, and test a unified Voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) telephone system. The project involves replacing an existing Cisco Unity Call Manager system with a scalable, open-standard cloud-based solution supporting up to 200 users and the porting of 100 DID numbers. The selected contractor will be responsible for all labor, equipment, and materials, including the sourcing of new production-model hardware and the provision of administrative and user training. The system is intended to utilize the existing 1 Gb internet connection provided by Crown Castle. The contract has an estimated total value not to exceed 100,000 dollars over a five-year term. Installation must be completed within two months of contract execution, with a final project completion deadline of January 16, 2028. Proposals are evaluated based on the experience of key personnel in the public sector and must include a detailed timeline, a comprehensive budget, and three professional references. Compliance requirements include adherence to the Davis-Bacon Act for applicable construction work, Equal Employment Opportunity standards, and strict prohibitions against using telecommunications equipment from covered entities such as Huawei and ZTE. The final response deadline was extended to October 21, 2026.

MAP02 - Administration

POSTED

DEADLINE

Mass Communication System MCS-2027

Solicitation # PE-55213-NONST-2027-000000109

The Cherokee County School District in Georgia is seeking proposals from qualified vendors to establish a Mass Communication System (MCS-2027) under solicitation number PE-55213-NONST-2027-000000109. The primary objective of this initiative is to enhance the district's ability to deliver timely and effective communications to its students, staff, parents, and various community partners. This opportunity falls under NAICS code 517810 and is categorized as a SLED organization procurement. The solicitation was posted on September 17, 2026, with a response deadline of October 15, 2026. All interested parties must register and utilize the Euna Procurement portal, formerly known as Bonfire, to access solicitation documents, submit proposals, and communicate with the district. All inquiries regarding the RFP must be directed through the Euna Procurement Message Center, and Paula Hilton serves as the primary point of contact for this procurement action.

Cherokee County School District

POSTED

DEADLINE

Solicitation # WS4790718200

The Joint Deployable Headquarters Signal Regiment Modernization (JDHQSRM) is a federal solicitation issued by the Government of Canada through the Department of Public Works and Government Services. This Request for Information seeks industry input to support the modernization of signal regiment capabilities, with the place of performance centered in Ontario and Quebec, excluding the National Capital Region. The project is categorized under NAICS code 517810 and is managed by contracting authority Michel Beaulieu. The solicitation, identified by number WS4790718200, was posted on September 16, 2026, and has a response deadline of September 30, 2027. The procurement process involves a series of amendments to the RFI package, with critical updates provided from amendment 010 onward to supplement the initial documentation available via the CanadaBuys portal.

Department of Public Works and Government Services

POSTED

DEADLINE

More opportunities from National Aeronautics And Space Administration → NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Same awarding agency

Ground Systems and Mission Operations-4 (GSMO-4)

Solicitation # RFI-GSMO4-2027

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center is issuing a Request for Information for the Ground Systems and Mission Operations-4 (GSMO-4) contract. This effort seeks market intelligence and technical approaches from qualified vendors to support a diverse portfolio of science and Earth science missions, including the James Webb Space Telescope, Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. The scope of work covers the entire mission life cycle, focusing on two primary functional areas: Mission Ground System Support Services, which includes systems engineering and integration and test services, and Mission Operations System Support Services, encompassing flight operations, launch and early orbit support, flight dynamics, and IT security. The government is specifically exploring a transition in contract structure from Cost-Plus-Award-Fee to Firm-Fixed-Price, including the potential for a catalog-style pricing model based on mission risk classification and a Core-plus-IDIQ structure for flagship missions. Technical requirements emphasize modern methodologies such as DevSecOps, CI/CD pipelines, and Infrastructure as Code to automate mission operations. Contractors must adhere to strict NASA Procedural Requirements regarding cybersecurity, export control, and classified information to maintain system Authority to Operate. Responses to this RFI are limited to 30 pages and must include implementation approaches and rough order of magnitude costs.

Engineering Services

POSTED

DEADLINE

JOINT POLAR SATELLITE SYSTEM (JPSS) CONTRACTS, EXERCISE OF OPTION 1 - LONG TERM STORAGE FOR SPECIFIED INSTRUMENTS INTEGRATED ONTO THE JPSS-3 SPACECRAFT

Solicitation # JPSS-OPT1-FY27

The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center intends to exercise Option 1 for four Joint Polar Satellite System contracts: NNG10XA01C, NNG10XA05C, NNG10XA06C, and NNG11XA04C. This action requires vendors to provide long-term storage for the Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite, Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, Cross-Track Infrared Sounder, and Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder instruments integrated onto the JPSS-3 spacecraft to support a scheduled launch date of September 1, 2028. The government plans to implement these options via unilateral contract modifications. While this notice is not a formal request for proposals, interested parties may submit capability statements and past experience documentation by October 21, 2026. The agency will use any submitted information solely to determine if a competitive procurement process is necessary; otherwise, the options will be exercised under existing contract terms.

Other Warehousing and Storage

POSTED

DEADLINE

Ground Support Equipment (GSE) Supplier/IntegratorThis subcontract opportunity with the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center involves the supply and integration of specialized Ground Support Equipment for prime contractors. The selected provider will be responsible for the design, procurement, and integration of hardware used to support the flight segment on the ground, ensuring all deliverables are verified and compliant with NPR 8735.2 Hardware Quality Assurance standards. The procurement is categorized under NAICS code 333998 and was posted on September 24, 2026. Interested parties must submit their responses by the deadline of October 26, 2026, at 8:00 PM.

All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing

POSTED

DEADLINE

IT Security & System Administration (Cybersecurity)This subcontract for IT Security and System Administration focuses on maintaining the security posture and operational availability of ground system infrastructure for prime contractors at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The scope of work includes performing vulnerability scanning, implementing necessary patches, and managing Plans of Action and Milestones to ensure a continuous Authority to Operate in accordance with NPR 2810.1 and 2841.1. The contractor is responsible for delivering ATO certification and detailed vulnerability reports under NAICS code 541519. This opportunity was posted on September 24, 2026, with a response deadline of October 26, 2026.

Other Computer Related Services

POSTED

DEADLINE

Flight Dynamics & Network Scheduling SupportThis subcontract for the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center involves providing flight dynamics analysis and network scheduling support for prime contractors. The scope of work focuses on managing space-to-ground communications through the use of CCSDS standards, the Deep Space Network, and the Near Space Network via Space Link Extension. Key deliverables include the production of flight dynamics reports, network schedules, and data distribution logs. The opportunity is categorized under NAICS code 541330 and was posted on September 24, 2026, with a response deadline of October 26, 2026. This engagement supports critical operational infrastructure for the National Aeronautics And Space Administration to ensure seamless communication and trajectory management for space projects.

Engineering Services

POSTED

DEADLINE

Ground System Software & Automation DevelopmentThis subcontract focuses on the development and sustainment of ground system software for prime contractors supporting NASA Goddard Space Flight Center projects. The scope of work includes creating automation for spacecraft trend analysis, simulators, and Level Zero processing, utilizing CI/CD pipelines and AI/ML tools. All deliverables must adhere to NPR 2210.1 and NPR 7150.2 standards, resulting in the delivery of functional software modules and automation scripts. The opportunity is categorized under NAICS code 541511 and was posted on September 24, 2026, with a response deadline of October 26, 2026. It is managed by the National Aeronautics And Space Administration for the Goddard Space Flight Center.

Custom Computer Programming Services

POSTED

DEADLINE

Mission Control Facility EngineeringThe Mission Control Facility Engineering subcontract supports prime contractors on NASA Goddard Space Flight Center projects by providing specialized design and integration services for physical mission operations facilities. The scope of work includes identifying critical requirements for HVAC, power, and communications, as well as configuring visual displays, computer equipment, and mission consoles in accordance with ISO standards. The selected provider is responsible for delivering comprehensive facility design specifications and the final installation of operations center hardware. This opportunity is categorized under NAICS code 238290, with a response deadline set for October 26, 2026.

Other Building Equipment Contractors

POSTED

DEADLINE

Mission Operations Analysis & Trade StudiesThis subcontract opportunity, titled Mission Operations Analysis and Trade Studies, is issued by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center to support prime contractors on various space flight projects. The scope of work involves performing complex engineering analyses and trade studies to establish operational concepts. The selected contractor will be responsible for developing mission operations systems through the use of modeling and analysis software, ensuring all work adheres strictly to NASA Procedural Requirements. Key deliverables include formal trade study reports and comprehensive Concept of Operations documents. The solicitation is classified under NAICS code 541330 and is scheduled to be posted on September 24, 2026, with a response deadline of October 26, 2026. This contract focuses on high-level technical support, specifically targeting the definition of system and subsystem architectures for mission success. Interested parties should prepare to demonstrate expertise in engineering analysis and the ability to translate complex technical studies into actionable operational frameworks for NASA-led initiatives.

Engineering Services

POSTED

DEADLINE

Spacecraft & Mission Systems EngineeringThe Spacecraft and Mission Systems Engineering subcontract supports prime contractors on NASA Goddard Space Flight Center projects by providing specialized systems engineering for mission operations development. The scope of work includes modeling spacecraft, communications, and ground station operations, designing spacecraft command systems, and processing telemetry. All activities must adhere to NPR 7123.1 standards to ensure the delivery of integrated ground system designs, verification reports, and operational procedures. This opportunity is categorized under NAICS code 541715 and was posted on September 24, 2026, with a response deadline of October 26, 2026. The contract is managed by the National Aeronautics And Space Administration for the Goddard Space Flight Center.

Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Nanotechnology and Biotechnology)

POSTED

DEADLINE

Technical and Financial Reporting ServicesThe contract involves providing technical and financial reporting services to NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, specifically supporting activities at Wallops Island. The primary responsibilities include preparing and submitting detailed technical progress reports, financial management reports, and cost justification documentation. All deliverables must comply with NASA guidelines and Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) requirements, ensuring adherence to established standards and accountability. As a subcontract opportunity classified under NAICS code 541611, the contract focuses on professional and management consulting services. It was posted on June 8, 2026, and is centered on maintaining rigorous reporting processes critical to NASA’s operations and project oversight. The contract emphasizes accuracy, timely submission, and regulatory compliance, which are essential for effective project tracking and fiscal management within the agency’s framework.

Administrative Management and General Management Consulting Services

POSTED

DEADLINE

Unmanned System Runway Services (UMS)This contract involves providing comprehensive support services for operating and maintaining runway infrastructure dedicated to unmanned aerial systems (UAS) at Wallops Island. The scope includes managing flight scheduling, coordinating airspace activities, and offering telemetry support to ensure smooth and safe UAS operations. The focus on runway infrastructure maintenance highlights the importance of sustaining reliable operational conditions for these advanced aerial systems. Issued by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, the subcontract falls under the NAICS code 481219, indicating its alignment with support services for aviation and air traffic. With a targeted location at Wallops Island, the contract supports NASA's broader efforts in unmanned flight testing and research, emphasizing efficient airspace management and system monitoring to facilitate ongoing UAS missions.

Other Nonscheduled Air Transportation

POSTED

DEADLINE

Launch Site Operations and Hardware HandlingThe contract involves providing comprehensive on-site services for launch complex operations at MARS launch pads located in Wallops Island. The scope includes hardware assembly, system integration, rigorous testing procedures, safety monitoring throughout the launch preparations, and logistical support essential to maintaining smooth and efficient operations at the launch site. This ensures that all hardware components are adequately prepared and safely managed in readiness for launch activities. Awarded as a subcontract by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center under NAICS code 238990, the contract emphasizes specialized technical and operational support crucial to NASA's space mission infrastructure. The focus on safety and logistics highlights the contract’s commitment to operational integrity and timely launch readiness, reflecting the high standards required for successful space launch operations.

All Other Specialty Trade Contractors

POSTED

DEADLINE

Ready to Pursue This Opportunity?

Get AI-powered intelligence on this solicitation and the ones like it

Every page of the solicitation package shredded into a compliance breakdown

AI-powered matching based on your capabilities and past performance

Competitor and incumbent history on the requirement

Automated alerts on amendments, Q&A deadlines, and award

Join 750+ contractors already using CLEATUS